Archaeology of Teotihuacan, Mexico

Grave 13 at the Feathered Serpent Pyramid


g13dw1.gifA large deep pit containing Grave 13 was encountered along the route of the looters' tunnel. It was located approximately 9 m west of the pyramid's center and positioned exactly on the east-west centerline of the pyramid (General map). The pit was quadrangular in form, excavated into the tepetate. It was filled after the bodies were placed in it, and no other structure appears to have been built in association with it. The grave was later disturbed by looters and subsequently refilled as they continued their exploratory tunnels toward the north, south, and west. Only a small portion of the original pit fill was identified in our excavations, near the western edge. The material used for this fill was the same as that using in forming the rubble fill of the pyramid, suggesting that grave preparation was integrated into the initial stages of pyramid construction. There is no indication that the grave was reused. The remains of one complete and one partial skeleton were uncovered in the undisturbed fill of the pit. They were in anatomical position and in fairly good condition. Impressions of bones on subsoil floor were faintly visible in the disturbed area, confirming that the pit had contained a multiple burial. g13exc1.jpgAbove this floor was a layer of loosely laid rocks in which a large number of fragmented bones and grave offerings were recovered.



The complete skeleton of the single individual discovered in the original fill (photo right) was of an unusually robust adult male, buried face-down with extremely flexed knees tucked under the chest. He possessed unusual and rather fine ornaments including a pair of greenstone ear spools of an unusually large size, twenty-one large greenstone beads, a so-called "Tlaloc" type nose pendant, and an obsidian eccentric (photo below). Although the high quality of the associated objects suggest high social status, it is unlikely that he was the principal occupant of this multiple burial as he was located at the western edge of the pit. g13a.jpg

Apart from those found in Grave 12 and 13, a large number of bone fragments and offerings was found in the fill along the floors of the Looters' Tunnel. They were interpreted as belonging originally to the individuals buried in Graves 12 and 13, according to the stratigraphy of the looters' tunnel. As the looters only disturbed these two graves, all of the artifacts found in the looters' tunnel probably belonged to them. However, it is also possible that a few of them, particularly the pottery, came from other caches that had been looted, but remain undocumented.



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Last Update: 8/20/2001
Saburo Sugiyama: Arizona State University, Dept. of Anthropology, Tempe, AZ 85287
©Copyright 1996 Project Temple of Quetzalcoatl, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, Mexico/ ASU
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